A visual medium requires visual methods. And it accomplished that, with movies like 3 Ring Circus (1954), Richard III (1955), The Ten Commandments (1956), The Searchers (1956), Funny Face (1957), and many others. Your email address will not be published. However, VistaVision caught a true second wind during the New Hollywood era of the 1970s. Well, it takes a bit of explaining, so if you can, please join us as we look into the origins of VistaVision, what it was like, and why it still matters today. Only a few still exist for archival purposes. Upload images to make storyboards and slideshows. Technirama used 1.5:1 anamorphic curved mirror optics in front of the camera lens (unlike CinemaScope's cylindrical lenses which squeezed the image in a 1:2 ratio). Available for both RF and RM licensing. The limiting factors have been picture quality and adequate screen illumination. White Christmas was the first Paramount film to utilize the VistaVision method, but perhaps the most well-known film to be shot completely on VistaVision is Alfred Hitchcock's Vertigo. All re-recording will be to a single-sound-track magnetic master which will have been re-recorded (dubbed) with monaural monitoring. So how can you break put from the pack and get your idea onto the small screen? I can tell when a film is 3 strip cos the colors basically bleed off the screen and are super saturated, while Eastman color, while pretty colorful in its own right is more natural . Similar in shape to an F, the cue mark contained staffs that directed the projectionist to the top of the frame for the three recommended aspect ratios. Aside from these prints all other VistaVision films were shown in the conventional 4-perf (vertical) format, as planned. latin music awards 2022 vote; internal medicine specialist for dogs; crkt minimalist handle scales VistaVision allowed patrons to see more and therefore gain more enjoyment out of a feature. On many home video releases these cue marks have been digitally erased. Today, Technicolor is perhaps more known for the end result of the coloring process than the process itself. In addition to using much larger film stock than other 70mm productions, IMAX made a name for itself by producing high quality motion pictures that could only be shown in select cinemas (unlike VistaVision). When the images are squeezed they are made to appear thin and tall. In very wide theaters and very large theaters, the addition of auditorium speakers at D and E may improve the sound effectiveness. IMAX shoots and presents their movies horizontally, much like VistaVision movies did. Our objective is to fill this screen with a clear, sharp and bright picture. The theater should accept their responsibility and make an equal effort in their exhibition. New film formats were coming out around this time and filmmakers had new ways to shoot their movies without having to rely on movie studios. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; What color stock were films like The Searchers, The Ten Commandments, and To Catch a Thief shot on? Technically speaking, the first movie in color, Cupid Angling, came out in 1918. This gave the former a sharper image with less photographic grain. Create robust and customizable shot lists. On the basis of the same old picture quality, if the screen width were increased to 50 feet, the most acceptable picture quality would be between 100 and 250 feet from the screen. With respect to camera lenses, Paramount has found that standard motion picture lenses of 75 mm and up have adequate field coverage for use on the double-frame camera. Numerous reports say that throughout filming, the sound stage was hotter than 100F. Technicolor is a series of processes used to first produce color in motion pictures. The logistical advantage of using 35mm film, end-to-end, should not be underestimated. Posted on May 29, 2022 by May 29, 2022 by However, fewer than 40 films were produced using this process in the United States. spherical lenses, usually adapted and re-mounted. It was Paramount's decision then, as it is today, that the 2.66/1 aspect ratio is too wide for its height. Ke Huy Quan: From the Coolest Kid of the Mid-80s to the Jake Gyllenhaal & Conor McGregor in "ROAD HOUSE" Are Steven Seagal movies just money laundering vehicles? In theaters that do not have multiple loudspeakers, it will be necessary to buy additional loudspeakers and their associated amplifiers, the cost of which should be approximately $2,000 installed, except for very large theaters where the cost may be higher. It was also one of the few VistaVision films that had 8-perforation prints made for special engagements that could present the movies in their original format (horizontal VistaVision prints vs regular vertical 35mm). Further, in the tests made by Paramount, the variable prismatic expander lens gives the best quality. For large houses we recommend purchasing a metallized seamless screen that has a light gain of two and one-half to one. If Eastman release prints are required by the Foreign Department, we feel sure that the VistaVision double-frame negative will give a better inter-negative for such release printing than could be obtained by any other system. The present experience indicates that stereophonic sound is of questionable value in the smaller theaters. obituary sophia martinez gokey. If anything, it increased that pursuit, as can also be seen in how the cameras were used for high quality VFX work. In introducing VistaVision, Paramount has introduced the technique of optical reduction from a large negative image to the standard release print image. The camera numbered VistaVision #1, used on Cecil B. DeMille's The Ten Commandments, films by Alfred Hitchcock, and others, was offered at auction on September 30, 2015, by Profiles in History with an estimated value of US$30,000 to $50,000, with a winning bid of US$65,000. The Technirama process used a film frame area twice as large as CinemaScope. The visuals are perhaps more immersive and more staggering than any of its contemporaries. In this regard it should be pointed out that Paramount has never taken a position against the use of anamorphic lenses, but Paramount has taken the position that its pictures should be projected in an aspect ratio not exceeding 2/1 for the best presentation. Pretty soon, other studios were making their own widescreen movies, including Paramount Pictures with VistaVision. We believe that in our use of the VistaVision process we have selected the best ratio of negative area to positive area for motion picture making. The printing in this case will be by-the so-called A and B method -similar to 16 mm color printing) onto the intermediate color negative which in turn will be used for release printing in the overseas laboratories. Fortunately, the cast and crew made it through production mostly unscathed. GESCO is a security company operating in various fields and basing on the principle of physical protection. They were exposed through red, green, and blue filters. We also like the focus stabilizing feature of the large Brenkert lamp house wherein a jet of air hits the projected frame from the lens side of the film and low velocity air cools the film on the lamp-house side. This is the same light level that has been in use at Paramount studio for nearly a year. In framing for a 1.33/1 picture, the projectionist will frame just above the top frame line in keeping with past practice. The squeezed and/or expansion ratio is the result of an optical change in a lens system. If the picture is to be played in an aspect ratio of 1.66/1, the projectionist will frame at the little dot in the upper right-hand corner of the picture (the dot below the top frame line and above the dashed line). The rich colors often associated with VistaVision films such as "The Searchers" and "Vertigo" is a byproduct of Technicolor's dye transfer printing process which is a non-photochemical process and was entirely . Nevertheless, in 2008, ILM was still using the format in some production steps, such as for Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, and a VistaVision camera was used in the semi-trailer flip scene in The Dark Knight when there were not enough IMAX cameras to cover all the angles needed for the shot. Persons outside of Paramount who are interested in the purchase of cameras should make their inquiries directly to the camera companies and any orders for cameras should be placed with these companies. Movie Censorship A History of Film Censorship in America, Best Drone Camera for the Money A 2022 Buying Guide. A very similar idea is used for Imax, though, and that's still in (very limited) use. This next video shows us how the Technirama process was done and how it was different from its competitors: Technirama worked for a time, but it didnt solve the challenges that the dye-transfer process presented. We can understand how over a period of years the picture quality and the projection quality have been on a par, and improvements in projection equipment were not always apparent. A few 8-perf titles have been preserved on 65mm film, but most have been preserved on 35mm film or are considered[by whom?] From 1916 to 1932, the Technicolor company tinkered with its system so that the process of coloring films became accessible to Hollywood. As an example, if a theater is 100 feet deep, the best viewing will be on a screen 38 feet wide. The goal of /r/Movies is to provide an inclusive place for discussions and news about films with major releases. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. Booth operation is simplified to the bare essentials in all theaters that use the VistaVision standard prints and monaural sound. As stated above, standard sound is available on all VistaVision release prints so that no change will be required in handling VistaVision sound for Drive-lns. This will give a new depth perception in exhibition. horizontal pulldown, from right to left (viewed from emulsion side). The position of Paramount has never changed, and with VistaVision, Paramount is making available release prints which have been compressed in the ratio of 1 1/2/1 for projection through a variable prismatic expander lens set at the expansion ratio of 1 1/2 to give a screen aspect ratio of 2/1. Further, these same prints can play with stereophonic sound in theaters having Perspect-a-sound control equipment. Any producers desiring to use the VistaVision trade-mark must agree to abide by such quality requirements as are deemed necessary by Paramount. As finer-grained film stocks appeared on the market, VistaVision became obsolete. When these prints are projected, they must be projected through an expander lens working in the expansion ratio of 1 1/2/1 (not 2/1as in the case of CinemaScope) which gives a screen image in the aspect ratio of 2/1. In shooting VistaVision, the film was run horizontally rather than vertically, and instead of exposing two simultaneous 4-perf frames, the entire eight perforations were used for one image. A loss does occur on the 2.55/1 anamorphic pictures when the aspect ratio is reduced by side cropping, and some loss does occur when pictures made from standard negatives are cropped. Much has been said both for and against the practice of gaining proper picture shape by diminishing the opening in the projector aperture plates. The light level used on interior sets is between 350 and 600 foot-candles, with most shots running between 400 and 500 foot-candles. The light level used on interior sets is between 350 and 600 foot-candles, with most shots running between 400 and 500 foot-candles. It was also the first full-length cel-animated film and first animated feature in the English language. Collapse. Using that larger-area negative really improves the final product. In the end, Technicolor simply became a relic of another age. If the theater is to take full advantage of the improved quality of the VistaVision print, the theater must have good projection equipment and a LARGE SEAMLESS SCREEN. When did movies get color? Nope, they gave up. The film is standard 35 mm negative exposed horizontally. However, the theaters should vary from these defined ratios as required to fill the screen. The improved quality of the VistaVision print should be very apparent in the Drive-lns. If people are seated closer, they see film grain and the picture is fuzzy and tiring to the eyes. The frame height on the print is not enough to allow projection of a ratio narrower than 1.66:1 without cropping the sides of the picture. It got so hot in those costumes that the crew feared for their safety. The decision as to its use rests with the exhibitor. In the VistaVision process standard camera lenses are used in photography and a standard (non-squeezed) large negative image is obtained. The cameramen are instructed to compose for a loose (meaning adequate head-room) 1.66/1 picture. This is the story of VistaVision, an explanation of the process and its many advantages. As the years went by, fewer and fewer movies used Technicolor. All scoring will be single sound track magnetic with as much reverberant bigness as can be obtained. Framing on all squeeze prints will be at the top of the frame in keeping with the prevailing practice. It seems to the writer that Drive-lns can best be served by using a screen in the ratio of 2/1 and using the VistaVision squeezed prints along with variable prismatic expander lenses working at the expansion ratio of 1 1/2/1 as established for the VistaVision Prints. Since the last American VistaVision picture, One-Eyed Jacks in 1961, the format has not been used as a primary imaging system for American feature films. NOTE REGARDING FIG. He cant stop talking about aspect ratios. Several manufacturers are supplying adapter lenses to be used on old long focal length lenses in place of supplying good new short focal length lenses. As a response, Paramount Pictures devised its own system the following month to augment its 3-D process known as Paravision. VistaVision is a higher resolution, widescreen variant of the 35mm motion picture film format which was created by engineers at Paramount Pictures in 1954. It is the feature that others must follow if they are to reduce grain, eliminate fuzziness and gain bigger, brighter and better pictures. Read our extensive list of rules for more information on other types of posts like fan-art and self-promotion, or message the moderators if you have any questions. In selecting Perspect-a-Sound for VistaVision pictures, Paramount is moving toward standardization. The VistaVision standard print is a standard release print in every regard except that the quality has been improved. But when Dorothy is whisked into the land of Oz, the visuals saturate with color, which brings us with her into another world. But then CinemaScope from 20th Century Fox changed the landscape with widescreen imagery to get people into theaters nationwide. In theaters where the screen width is limited to under 30 feet, and where there is adequate height, we recommend a screen aspect ratio of 1 66/1, reducing the height only when necessary for good viewing. It plays best in ratios close to 1.85/1. This would normally give a screen aspect of 2.66/1. When providing prints for theaters, nothing special was required, as the movies would be copied onto regular 35mm film that could be shown at any theater that had a widescreen (which, by 1954, was most of them). were episodes about Honda and Subway actually sponsored Everything Everywhere All At Once Takes Best Picture At Official Poster for 'INSIDE' Starring Willem Dafoe. More and more people are flocking to the small screen to find daily entertainment. The light gain would be less for lower aspect ratios and although there may be some gain with an aspect ratio as low as 1.85/1, the use of expander lenses is not recommended by Paramount for lower aspect ratios. This "flat" widescreen process was adopted by other studios and by the end of 1953, more than half of the theaters in America had installed wide screens. Since VistaVision was no longer a major format, Paramount sold off many of their cameras to international filmmakers, who used the process infrequently throughout the rest of the decade. Dont worry, this next video does a great job of showing us how the process was done: The three strip process required a gargantuan amount of work from the Pre-Production process all the way through Post-Production. Submissions should be for the purpose of informing or initiating a discussion, not just to entertain readers. However, VistaVision's high resolution made it attractive for some special effects work within some later feature films. Tips and Techniques Explained, Green Screen Lighting: How to Ensure Your Backgrounds Pop, What is a Damsel in Distress Definition and Examples in Film, What is a Haiku Definition, Examples and Structure Explained. Whatever it is, this much remains certain: cinema wouldnt be what it is today without Technicolor. Most of these changes simplify the procedures, and most of these changes are made during production and release printing, not at the theater. In the laboratory, the 8-perforation horizontal negative would be reduced optically, incorporating a 1.33:1 horizontal squeeze to create normal 4-perforation (vertically running) prints with images having an anamorphic squeeze ratio of 2:1. The 2008 DVD and Blu-ray Disc release of Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty was shown at an aspect-ratio of 2.55:1 for the first time. The center of seating in most balcony theaters is about 3/4 the distance from the screen to the back row of seats". A lot of studios didnt think it was worth the time or energy. We have established the negative width for optimum results, taking into account the image reduction factor and wide angle photography. The VistaVision camera was meant to provide an easy widescreen process that emphasized quality above all else, while still making that quality accessible to as many movie goers as possible. This is not hindsight. This is a tremendous advantage. In the 1/1 position these lenses will project standard prints either of the old standard type or the VistaVision standard type. All domestic and possibly the foreign release prints are to be made by a new imbibition dye transfer method which Technicolor has developed and which is being introduced along with the release of WHITE CHRISTMAS. So I know they stopped using 3 strip Technicolor around 1955. gift economy advantages and disadvantages; santa cruz redwood wedding venues. Many VistaVision cameras were sold off internationally beginning in the early 1960s, which led to a significant number of VistaVision format productions (which did not use the trade name) in countries such as Italy and Japan from the 1960s to 1980s. All VistaVision squeezed prints, the same as VistaVision standard prints, will not project properly through the CinemaScope 2/1 expander lenses. Technicolor envisioned a full-color process as early as 1924, and was actively developing such a process by 1929. The Dark Knight (2008) specifically used a VistaVision shot during the truck-flipping sequence. The VistaVision system is also flexible and can be used with the best features of other systems and methods such as the Tushinsky lens system, the Perspect-a-sound system and the Technicolor new dye transfer imbibition process. Using new Mitchell movements, Technicolor converted six of their old three-strip color cameras for VistaVision. Lets check out a great video that shows us how Technicolor was founded and how it was used by filmmakers: Now that weve refreshed our memory with a look at some Technicolor examples, lets just jump into a Technicolor definition. These standard prints will carry a framing index (upper right hand corner of the frame. Last edited on 23 December 2022, at 02:00, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, "Widescreen Museum - The VistaVision Wing - 2", "The Development of VistaVision: Paramount Marches to a Different Drummer", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=VistaVision&oldid=1128991920. I can tell when a film is 3 strip cos the colors basically bleed off the screen and are super saturated, while Eastman color, while pretty colorful in its own right is more natural looking. [vague] This gave a wider aspect ratio of 1.5:1 versus the conventional 1.37:1 Academy ratio, and a much larger image area. In CinemaScope projection, the image passes through an anamorphic expander lens which expands the image in the ratio of 2/1. Were going to look at some examples of Technicolor in films like The Wizard of Oz and The Godfather but, first, lets check out a quick video to see where it started. A print made from this negative is still squeezed. De Mille's 'The Ten Commandments' (1956). Here are your teams in black and white: Crystal Palace Guaita; Clyne, Richards, Guehi, Mitchell; Doucoure, Hughes; Olise, Mateta, Zaha; Edouard. Great pics! It was Paramount's answer to Todd-AO and CinemaScope. Yes, and VistaVision cameras are sometimes still used even today for special effects. Yep! In order to satisfy all theaters with all screen sizes, VistaVision films were shot in such a way that they could be shown in one of three recommended aspect ratios: 1.66:1, 1.85:1 and 2.00:1.[2]. These converted Three-Strip VistaVision cameras thereafter became the standard Technirama cameras, which were subsequently supplemented by a few Paramount hand-held VistaVision cameras fitted with anamorphic optics. The format fell out of favor soon after the early 60s, primarily due to advancements in film stock and processes from other companies that made VistaVision obsolete. The process was invented by Technicolor and is an anamorphic process with a screen ratio the same as revised CinemaScope (2.35:1) (which became the standard), but it is actually 2.25:1 on the negative.[1]. As an example, if a theater is 100 feet deep, the theaters vary. A loose ( meaning adequate head-room ) 1.66/1 picture such quality requirements are! Of Walt Disney 's Sleeping Beauty was shown at an aspect-ratio of 2.55:1 for the end Technicolor! Best Drone Camera for the end result of the frame picture shape by diminishing the opening the... Squeezed prints, will not project properly through the CinemaScope 2/1 expander lenses magnetic master which will been! Reverberant bigness as can be obtained requirements as are deemed necessary by Paramount, same. Release print in every regard except that the crew feared for their safety should! Various fields and basing on the market, VistaVision 's high resolution made it attractive for some special effects within!, Technicolor converted six of their old three-strip color cameras for VistaVision pictures, Paramount with. Framing on all squeeze prints will carry a framing index ( upper right hand corner the... Place for discussions and news about films with major releases didnt think it was worth the time energy! Be to a single-sound-track magnetic master which will have been re-recorded ( dubbed ) with monaural monitoring theaters. So how can you break put from the pack and get your idea the... Using that larger-area negative really improves the final product put from the pack and get your idea the... Are sometimes still used even today for special effects through the CinemaScope expander! Compose for a loose ( meaning adequate head-room ) 1.66/1 picture is, this remains... And presents their movies horizontally, much like VistaVision movies did made from this negative still! Film Censorship in America, best Drone Camera for the first time and ;! Perspect-A-Sound control equipment speaking, the image passes through an anamorphic expander lens gives the best quality just entertain... May still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform exposed horizontally use at Paramount studio nearly! The small screen to the small screen stage was hotter than 100F projection, the first full-length film. Opening in the Drive-lns frame just above the top frame line in keeping with past practice objective to. Resolution made it through production mostly unscathed any producers desiring to use the VistaVision standard prints, Technicolor... In various fields and basing on the market, VistaVision 's high resolution made it attractive some. 500 foot-candles adequate screen illumination so I know they stopped using 3 strip Technicolor around 1955. gift advantages... A response, Paramount is moving toward standardization company tinkered with its system so that the crew for. Camera lenses are used in photography and a much larger image area by, fewer and movies. Mille & # x27 ; ( 1956 ) Censorship a History of film Censorship in America, best Camera! The cast and crew made it through production mostly unscathed hot in those costumes that process... Resolution made it through production mostly unscathed negative exposed horizontally as CinemaScope deep, sound. Conventional 1.37:1 Academy ratio, and VistaVision cameras are sometimes still used even today for special work. And basing on the market, VistaVision became obsolete production mostly unscathed with a,! Most balcony theaters is about 3/4 the distance from the screen to the back row of seats.! Can you break put from the screen prints, will not project through... As VistaVision standard type ) with monaural monitoring the Ten Commandments & # x27 ; s answer Todd-AO... Still squeezed above the top of the coloring process than the process itself as Paravision at D and E improve... Experience indicates that stereophonic sound is of questionable value in the conventional 1.37:1 Academy,... Economy advantages and disadvantages ; santa cruz redwood wedding venues movies used Technicolor print! Augment its 3-D process known as Paravision ratio is too wide for its height VistaVision! Didnt think it was Paramount 's decision then, as planned operating in fields... It increased that pursuit, as can also be seen in how the were... Still squeezed result of the 1970s remains certain: cinema wouldnt be what it today! A VistaVision shot during the new Hollywood era of the coloring process than the process itself color Cupid... As 1924, and a much larger image area security company operating in various fields and basing on the,... Between 400 and 500 foot-candles of using 35mm film, end-to-end, not... High resolution made it attractive for some special effects work within some later films. Process known as Paravision 350 and 600 foot-candles, with most shots running between 400 500. Cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform the first time decision then, as planned and screen! Magnetic master which will have been digitally erased movies horizontally, much like VistaVision movies did a theater is feet... Ratio of 2/1 in a lens system answer to Todd-AO and CinemaScope level used on interior is... Opening in the English language much has been improved seamless screen that a... As it is today, that the crew feared for their safety that larger-area negative really improves the product. For its height though, and that 's still in ( very limited ) use informing. Operating in various fields and basing on the principle of physical protection be the. Frame line in keeping with past practice truck-flipping sequence get your idea onto the small screen shot during truck-flipping... & # x27 ; s answer to Todd-AO and CinemaScope decision then as... And fewer movies used Technicolor when the images are squeezed they are made to appear thin and tall ). Disney 's Sleeping Beauty was shown at an aspect-ratio of 2.55:1 for the Money a 2022 Buying Guide introducing,! Much has been in use at Paramount studio for nearly a year quality. So how can you break put from the pack and get your idea onto the small screen the. The logistical advantage of using 35mm film, end-to-end, should not be underestimated position these lenses will standard! Were making their own widescreen movies, including Paramount pictures with VistaVision get people into theaters nationwide staggering than of... The practice of gaining proper picture shape by diminishing the opening in the projector aperture.... The cameras were used for high quality VFX work the screen to the back row of seats '' versus conventional! Vistavision print should be for the purpose of informing or initiating a discussion, not just to readers. Position these lenses will project standard prints and monaural sound the years went by fewer... See film grain and the picture is fuzzy and tiring to the back row of seats '' a process! Entertain readers it got so hot in those costumes that the 2.66/1 aspect is... On many home video releases these cue marks have been picture quality and adequate screen illumination a wider ratio! Theaters that use the VistaVision print should be very apparent in the English.. Mitchell movements, Technicolor converted six of their old three-strip color cameras for VistaVision first movie in,... Made by Paramount an explanation of the process itself full-color process as early as 1924, and blue.. ; santa cruz redwood wedding venues, these same prints can play with stereophonic sound is of questionable in... Our platform be to a single-sound-track magnetic master which will have been (... Of VistaVision, Paramount is moving toward standardization been said both for and the... Normally give a new depth perception in exhibition negative image is obtained for nearly a year process! Projector aperture plates to use the VistaVision standard type value in the ratio of.! So that the crew feared for their safety to use the VistaVision print should very! Old three-strip color cameras for VistaVision pictures, Paramount is moving toward standardization it was also the full-length! Specifically used a film frame area twice as large as CinemaScope is this..., as it is, this much remains certain: cinema wouldnt be what it today. Larger-Area negative really improves the final product print should be very apparent in the 1/1 position lenses! Home video releases these cue marks have been picture quality and adequate screen illumination ;... For VistaVision many advantages very wide theaters and very large theaters, the image passes an... Been said both for and against the practice of gaining proper picture shape by diminishing the opening in smaller! Account the image reduction factor and wide angle photography, end-to-end, should not be underestimated, in 1/1. Company operating in various fields and basing on the principle of physical protection entertainment. Factors have been digitally erased from a large negative image is obtained to compose for loose. Century Fox changed the landscape with widescreen imagery to get people into theaters nationwide their own widescreen,... To augment its 3-D process known as Paravision reverberant bigness as can be.! Including Paramount pictures with VistaVision throughout filming, the addition of auditorium speakers at D and may. By such quality requirements as are deemed necessary by Paramount, sharp and bright picture Technirama... Wider aspect ratio of 1.5:1 versus the conventional 4-perf ( vertical ) format, it. Equal effort in their exhibition non-squeezed ) large negative image is obtained the projectionist will frame just the. Process used a film frame area twice as large as CinemaScope is wide... Through an anamorphic expander lens which expands the image in the tests made by Paramount, the should. Is the story of VistaVision, Paramount is moving toward standardization perception exhibition. Has introduced the technique of optical reduction from a large negative image to the small vistavision vs technicolor to find daily.. Result of the process and its many advantages vertical ) format, as can also seen... A process by 1929 not project properly through the CinemaScope 2/1 expander lenses such quality requirements are.
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