[176] During the early years of their rule, they also encouraged Muharram rituals. The Kufans had fought the Umayyads and their Syrian allies during the First Fitna, the five-year civil war which had established the Umayyad Caliphate. The Imam (as) said, "The first place was the grave of Amir al-Momineen (as) and the second, the place of the head of Imam Husain (as). Yazid removed Nu'man ibn Bashir al-Ansari as governor of Kufa due to his inaction, and installed Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad, then governor of Basra, in his place. Therefore, she was buried in the same burnt, ripped clothes right there in the Dungeon of Syria. [171] A similar view is held by Mahmoud Ayoub. [30] During the time of Uthman, he defended Abu Dharr al-Ghifari, who had preached against some of the actions of the tyrants and was to be exiled from Medina. Shemr wanted to kill Husayn's only surviving son Ali Zayn al-Abidin, who had not taken part in the fighting because of illness, but was prevented by Ibn Sa'd. [108], Mourning for Husayn is considered by Shi'as to be a source of salvation in the afterlife,[111] and is undertaken as a remembrance of his suffering. According to Islamic traditions, Husayn is mentioned in the Torah as "Shubayr" and in the Gospels as "Tab". According to Madelung, there are numerous narrations showing Muhammad's love for Hasan and Husayn, such as carrying them on his shoulders, or putting them on his chest and kissing them on the belly. 1983. ", Imam (as) replied, "Yes, but when his severed head was being taken to Syria, one of our friends stole it and buried it besides Amirul Momineen (as). [151] Therefore, almost all Muslims consider Husayn honorable because he was the grandson of Muhammad and because of the belief that he sacrificed himself for an ideal. [47] Ibn Sa'd stationed 500 horsemen on the route leading to the river. Hasan and Husayn are different in this respect from their half brothers, such as Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyya. ", The Imam (as) replied, "One is the place of the head of Imam Husain (as) and other is the place of house of al-Qaim (atfs).". Opinion 2 - Buried along with His Holy Body in Karbala: : . The latter send Husayn in response. Do you see how beautiful these stars are? Later on Rubab bore a son, Abd Allah (or according to recent Shia sources, Ali al-Asghar) for him. [96] Although as an Iraqi, Abu Mikhnaf had pro-Alid tendencies, his reports generally do not contain much bias on his part. Husayn appointed Zuhayr ibn Qayn to command the right flank of his army, Habib ibn Muzahir to command the left flank, and his half-brother Abbas as the standard bearer. It was subsequently inaugurated by his son, Mohammed Burhanuddin. [140] Sunni commentators such as Fakhr Razi and Ibn Kathir, in their commentary, while narrating various narrations about the example of Ahl al-Bayt in this verse, consider Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn as examples. [95] The eyewitnesses were of two kinds: those from Husayn's side; and those from Ibn Sa'd's army. Banu Asad could not recognize the bodies with out their heads. [172] S. M. Jafri proposes that Husayn, although motivated by ideology, did not intend to secure leadership for himself. One view is that it is burried in Cairo, Egypt and the other is that it is buried in the Ummayad Mosque in Damascus, Syria. Published in, "An Attempt To Trace the Origin of the Rituals of shur", "Barack Hussein Obama, Omar Bradley, Benjamin Franklin and other Semitically Named American Heroes", "osayn b. ", After the cursed Ubaidullah bin Ziyad sent the severed head of Imam Husain (as) to Sham, it was sent back to Kufa, but Ubaidullah said, "Take the severed head out of Kufa so that it does not create public unrest." Sunni commentators such as Fakhr al-Razi and Ibn Kathir have also referred to this issue. What Were the Three Regrets that Abu Bakr Had When He Was on His Deathbed? [104], When Shi'ism became the official religion of Iran in the 16th century, Safavid rulers such as Shah Tahmasp I, patronized poets who wrote about the Battle of Karbala. After failing to gain the allegiance of Ibn al-Zubayr and the people of the Hejaz through diplomacy, Yazid sent an army to suppress their rebellion. And therefore, when they left Sham, I'm of the belief that the heads were with them. Why Mourn An Event That Took Place 1400 Years Ago? "[10] Haeri writes in the Encyclopedia of the Islamic World: According to some narrations, Husayn or Hasan were wounded in the case of defending Uthman. IMPORTANT : All content hosted onAl-Islam.orgis solely for non-commercial purposes and with the permission of original copyright holders. Is Giving Food Out Permissible In Muharram? But if you do not want me anymore, I will return to my first place.". Your email address will not be published. Husayn's caravan started to move towards Qadisiyya, and Hurr followed them. When the sacred head of Imam Hussein (A.S) arrived at the court of Yazid, amongst others, the Roman envoy of the emperor of Rome was also present. A mawla of Husayn's wife later claimed that Husayn had suggested that he be allowed to leave, so that all parties could allow the fluid political situation to clarify. Husayn's body is buried in Karbala, the site of his death. Any other use of the hosted content, such as for financial gain, requires express approval from the copyright owners. Video: The Tale of The Heavens. According to Julius Wellhausen, most of them regretted their actions in the battle and embellished the accounts of the battle in favor of Husayn in order to dilute their guilt. [10] The family formed from the marriage of Ali and Fatima was praised many times by Muhammad. [52][47], The army advanced toward Husayn's camp on the evening of 9 October. Husayn's body is buried in Karbala, the site of his death. [22] *Note: Explaining the last sentence in the above Hadith, Allama Majlisi says the following: : : . majlis) are arranged in places reserved for this purpose, called husayniyya. It has a central place in the Shi'a history, tradition, and theology, and has frequently been recounted in Shi'a literature. 28 1401 - 23 1444 - 18 2023. The clerics encourage public participation in elections as a form of "political activism" comparable to that of Husayn. As per beliefs, the Battle of Karbala was fought near the river Euphrates (modern-day Iraq) under the command of Husayn ibn Ali or Imam Hussain in October 680 CE. Hence, he left Mecca for Kufa, aware of his imminent sacrifice and yet without any hesitation or attempt to escape the will of God. Husayn answered the summons but declined to pledge allegiance in the secretive environment of the meeting, suggesting it should be done in public. This included two of Husayn's sons, six of his paternal brothers, three sons of Hasan ibn Ali, three sons of Jafar ibn Abi Talib and three sons and three grandsons of Aqil ibn Abi Talib. Therefore, if you give me what you guaranteed in your covenants and sworn testimonies, I will come to your town. [m][133] On the other hand, in narrative sources, mistakes and confusion have been made between Ali al-Asghar and Abd Allah. Husayn, in response, depicted his great love for Rubab and Sakinah in three lines of poetry. On Husayn's way to Kufa with a retinue of about 70 men, his caravan was intercepted by a 1,000-strong army of the caliph at some distance from Kufa. He was told that first he had to submit to Yazid's authority, which he refused to do. [67][63] There are reports of more than sixty wounds on Husayn's body,[63] which was then trampled with horses as previously instructed by Ibn Ziyad. [114], During the month of Muharram, elaborate public processions are performed in commemoration of the Battle of Karbala. [42] He arrived in Mecca at the beginning of May 680,[43] and stayed there until the beginning of September. [168] According to Heinz Halm, this was a struggle for political leadership between the second generation of Muslims, in which the poorly equipped pretender ended up losing. In the nine-year period between Hasan's abdication in AH 41 (660 AD) and his death in AH 49 (669 AD), Hasan and Husayn retreated to Medina, trying to keep aloof from political involvement for or against Mu'awiya. It has a central place in the Shi'a history, tradition, and theology, and has frequently been recounted in Shi'a literature. Muhammad described him and his brother, Hasan, as "the leaders of the youth of Paradise."[9][10]. Since few people from Husayn's camp survived, most eyewitnesses were from the second category. [9], There are narrations, sermons and letters left from Husayn Ibn Ali which are available in Sunni and Shiite sources. There are two views about where imam Hussein's head is buried. Yazid was further advised to treat Husayn with caution and not to spill his blood, since he was the grandson of Muhammad. [70] Baladhuri uses same sources as Tabari. A shrine was built by Mukhtar ibn Abu `Ubayd ath-Thaqafi on the spot and a dome was created over the grave. Only an Imam can bury another Imam. [58] He had been appointed governor of Rayy to suppress a local rebellion, but then recalled to confront Husayn. I asked, "May I be sacrificed for you! Husayn's kunya, Abu Abd Allah, probably refers to this son. The most important components of Shia views about Husayn are the belief in the Imamate of Husayn and the characteristics of an Imam by the Shia religions; Twelvers, Ismailis and Zaydis. Later on, when Mu'awiya was taking allegiance for his son, Yazid, Husayn was among the five prominent persons who did not give his allegiance,[17] as appointing a successor was in violation of Hasan's peace treaty with Mu'awiya. Shahrbanum. So, whoever accepts this truth (and follows me) has accepted the way of God and whoever rejects (and does not follow me) I will walk (my way) with patience and perseverance so that God may be the judge between me and this nation and he is the best judge.[49], Then, Husayn, who had not yet received the letters of the new events of Kufa, prepared to leave for Kufa on the 8th or 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah 60 AH / 10 or 12 September 680 AD. [112] Special gatherings (majalis; sing. [149][150] According to Vaglieri, only the adherents of the Umayyad who considered him as "a rebel against the established authority", condoned his murder by Yazid, but their opinion was opposed by the majority of Muslims. However, Madlung and Bahramian write that when Husayn was ready to leave, Hurr blocked his way and said that if Husayn did not accept the order given by Ibn Ziad, Hurr would not allow him to go to Medina or Kufa. In events such as Mubahala and the hadith of the Ahl al-Kisa, Muhammad referred to this family as the ahl al-bayt. The rest of his body is buried in Karbala, Iraq. Since there was no way by which they could know whose body belonged to whom, they were worried. Husayn was unaware of the change of political circumstances in Kufa and decided to depart. OTP entered does not match. With this letter, Obaidullah wanted to force Husayn to fight. What happened to Imam Hussain's head? Ibn Sa'd approached the tents and Husayn's sister Zaynab complained to him: "'Umar b. Sa'd, will Abu 'Abd Allah (the kunya of Husayn) be killed while you stand and watch? [202], Maqtal (pl. Hurr informed Husayn that he was doing this for Husayn and that if there would be a war, Husayn would be killed. What happened after Imam Hussain martyred? But in contrast to all Muslim sources, which state that Husayn fought Yazid, Theophilus appears to have written that Husayn was killed by Mu'awiya as the final engagement of the First Fitna between the Umayyads and Ali's supporters. Prior to the Battle of Karbala, the Muslim community was divided into two political factions. Can We Light Candles In Remembrance Of Imam Husayn (A)? 346,418 views Apr 9, 2018 HEAD OF IMAM HUSSAIN A.S BURIED IN SHAAM OF SYRIA. Different opinions have been put forth by scholars as to where the Holy Head of Imam Husain (as) has been buried after being carried from Karbala to Kufa and then to Syria. In contrast to pilgrimage to Husayn's tomb and simple lamenting, these processions do not date back to the time of the battle, but arose during tenth century. [128] Rituals involving self-flagellation have been criticized by many Shi'a scholars as they are considered to be innovative practices damaging reputation of Shi'ism. [10] Zayn al-Abidin's mother, on the other hand, was a slave probably from Sind named azla, Solfa, Salma, hzann, or Shahrbanu. According to Vaglieri, the basis of the Shias' glorification of Husayn is his outstanding sacred and moral action and the noble ideals to which he sacrificed himself. Prior to his death, Mu'awiya appointed his son Yazid as his successor, contrary to the HasanMuawiya treaty. Further on the way, he received the news of the execution of Ibn Aqil and the indifference of the people of Kufa. The slain of Karbala will enter Paradise without any reckoning. Ashura is also asserted to have been the day of both Abraham's and Muhammad's birth and of the ascension of Jesus to heaven, and of numerous other events concerning prophets. [137] According to the Shia scholar, Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai, the opinion of some commentators about the difference in taste between Hasan and Husayn is misplaced; Because despite not swearing allegiance to Yazid, Husayn, like his brother, spent ten years in Mu'awiya's rule and never opposed it. The news from Kufa showed that the situation there had completely changed from what Muslim had reported. Their children include: Abdullah al-Mahez, Ibrahim al-Ghamr, Hasan al-Muthallath and Zaynab. According to majority of narrations, Husayn was born on the 5th of Sha'ban 4 AH (10 January 626 CE)[10] in Medina and was still a child when his grandfather, Muhammad, died. ?680 AD Layla bint Abi Murrah al-Thaqafim. [183], Karbala and Shi'a symbolism played a significant role in the Iranian Revolution of 1979. [220], In Sufism, where annihilation of the self (nafs) and suffering in the path of God are paramount principles, Husayn is seen as a model Sufi. [120][122], Most of these rituals take place during the first ten days of Muharram, reaching a climax on the tenth day, although majalis can also occur throughout the year. [83] But Husayn's decision was unwavering, and in response to those who tried to dissuade him, he said that things were in God's hands and that God wanted the best for His servants and would not be hostile to anyone who was right. Hussein was the son of Ali Muhammads cousin, close friend, and trusted aide and Fatima, the Prophets daughter. The Battle of Karbala galvanized the development of the pro-Alid[b] party (Shi'at Ali) into a unique religious sect with its own rituals and collective memory. [154], The positive attitude of the Sunnis towards Husayn, according to Vaglieri, is most likely due to the sad narrations that Abu Mikhnaf has collected, some of which have been narrated directly or with short chains of transmitters, mostly from Kufis who regretted their actions towards Husayn. [37] Why Do We Cry So Much For Imam Husayn (A)? The head was then buried in a niche of one of the internal walls of the Umayyad Mosque for about two hundred twenty years. Where is Imam Hussain head buried? [27][25][26] It is said that the place of the food bags that Husayn carried for the poor was obvious on his body on the day of Ashura. They returned back to Karbala, and then Imam 'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin, alayhi as-salam, was able to place the head of Imam al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam back with the body. 0 1 Less than a minute. [173], The first political use of the death of Husayn seems to have been during the revolt of Mukhtar, when he seized Kufa under the slogan of "Revenge for Husayn". According to a belief, the head of Imam Husayn, peace be upon him, was buried here. [156] With his return, Husayn and his seventy-two companions are expected to be resurrected along with their killers, who will then be punished. One of the miracles that Allah Almighty gave to Imam Hussein (A.S) was that his sacred head spoke as it was being carried from Karbala in Iraq to Shaam modern Syria and back to Karbala where it was buried in the grave where his sacred body had been buried. Madelung believes that Husayn did not recognize this treaty at first, but pressed by Hasan, accepted it. [10] However, perhaps fewer people know that many lives have also been transformed at the sanctuaries of Al-Bahnassa in Upper Egypt, once visited by 10,000 of the prophets companions and where 5,000 of them lie at rest under its soil. A history by the Syriac Christian scholar Theophilus of Edessa, who was chief astrologer in the Abbasid court between 775 and 785, is partially preserved in a number of extant Christian chronicles, including those by Michael the Syrian and the Byzantine historian Theophanes the Confessor. There are two views about where imam Husseins head is buried. Husayn wanted to respond, but Hasan refused to do so, and Hasan delivered a sermon in response. He kept on saying right and left till we came to some red gravel and the Imam (as) said, "This is the place." It is considered to be one of the holiest Islamic sites in Egypt. Address: Sharii Al-Qibla, Karbala 56001, Iraq. Und ich habe viele Theorien ber den Kopf von Imam al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam, gehrt. [52][59], Husayn and Ibn Sa'd met during the night to negotiate a settlement; it was rumored that Husayn made three proposals: either he be allowed to return to Medina, submit to Yazid directly, or be sent to a border post where he would fight alongside the Muslim armies. When Mu'awiya died in 680, Yazid demanded that Husayn pledge allegiance to him. Seyyed Mohammad Husayn Tabatabai in Tafsir al-Mizan said, the event of Mubahala tells the story of the confrontation between the Prophet of Islam and his family on the one hand and the Christians of Najran on the other. [30], According to the Encyclopedia of Islam, one of the moral characteristics of Husayn is Tolerance, humility, eloquence, and finally traits that can be deduced from his behavior, such as despising death, hatred of a shameful life, pride, and the like. Over the dome he fixed a green flag. But those who had come with Husayn from Hejaz did not leave him. Then he leaned over it and cried. [166][165], Wellhausen has described Husayn's revolt as a premature and ill-prepared campaign by an ambitious person. Hence, any person who says that his lineage goes back to the Muhammad is either related to Hasan or to Husayn. Did The Prophet Muhammad (S) Know About Karbala? [216] It influenced similar works in Albanian on the subject. He argues that if killing Husayn was a crime its responsibility lay with Yazid and not Ibn Ziyad, who was only performing his duty. [222] Jalal ud-Din Rumi describes Husayn's suffering at Karbala as a means to achieve union with the divine, and hence considers it to be a matter of jubilation rather than grief. Shemr wanted to burn that one too, but was prevented by his companions. In the area of Sharaf or Zuhsam, armies emerged from Kufa under the leadership of Hurr ibn Yazid. Masjid Ra's al-Husayn. : : : : : : . But when he saw that Husayn was moving his caravan, he did not dare to follow it. Upon hearing this, Husayn allowed his supporters to leave the caravan due to the depressing issues such as the betrayal of the Kufis. Nonetheless, a religious sect with distinct theological doctrines and specific set of rituals had not developed. [f][47][44][46] Nevertheless, he offered Husayn support if he would stay in Mecca and lead the opposition to Yazid from there. The right wing of the Kufans, led by Amr ibn al-Hajjaj, attacked Husayn's force, but was repulsed. Deshalb glaube ich, dass die Kpfe bei ihnen waren, als sie Scham verlieen. [9] In many narrations, the resemblance of Husayn and his brother to Muhammad is mentioned, and each of them is likened to half of their grandfather's behavior. He remarked that Husayn would not submit because there was "a proud soul in him". Ibn Nusayr seized the bloodied cloak and retreated. [17] It is also narrated that Muhammad took Ali, Fatima, Hasan and Husayn under his cloak and called them ahl al-bayt and stated that they are free from any sin and pollution. Copyright 2023. Do as I did." As a consequence, Husayn was killed and beheaded in the Battle of Karbala in 680 (61AH) by Shimr Ibn Thil-Jawshan. [30], Husayn is placed as an example for the second weight in the narrations related to "Thaqalin". What Do We Know About Dhul Janah, the horse of Imam Husayn (A). As a consequence, he left Medina, his hometown, to take refuge in Mecca in AH 60 (679 CE). [67], During the Battle of Karbala the Umayyad soldiers hesitated to initiate a direct attack on Husayn, however he was struck in the mouth by an arrow as he went to the river to drink. Like other Imams, Husayn is a mediator with God for those who call on him; "it is through his intercession (Tawassul) that his faithful followers obtain guidance and attain salvation." He suggested to Husayn to neither go to Kufa nor to Medina, rather write a letter to Yazid or Ibn Ziad and wait for their orders, hoping to avoid this difficult situation by receiving an answer. Maqatil) works narrate the story of someone's death. Then he moved to a mound and prayed besides it. 1197 AH (1782 AD). [45] While in Mecca, Husayn received letters from pro-Alids in Kufa informing him that they were tired of the Umayyad rule, which they considered to be oppressive, and that they had no rightful leader. As a member of holy five he receives all the divine grace that exist in his older brother, Hasan; also as the grandson of Muhammad. It was located on a hill outside the Palestinian town of Al-Jura.. Then Imam (as) said to Ismail, "Stand up and salute your grandfather, Husain bin Ali (as)." Ibn Ziyad had stationed troops on the routes into Kufa. Imam Hussain (PBUH) and all of his men were killed and beheaded. [110] Husayn's son Zayn al-Abideen is reported to have spent the rest of his life weeping for his father. In the nine-year period between Hasan's abdication in AH 41 (660 CE) and his death in AH 49 (669 CE), Hasan and Husayn retreated to Medina, trying to keep aloof from political involvement for or against Mu'awiya. News from Kufa under the leadership of Hurr Ibn Yazid leadership for himself Ibn! `` a proud soul in him '' 216 ] it influenced similar works Albanian... It influenced similar works in Albanian on the route leading to the Battle Karbala..., although motivated by ideology, did not intend to secure leadership for.. But those who had come with Husayn from Hejaz did not intend to secure for! The Prophet Muhammad ( where is imam hussain head buried ) Know about Dhul Janah, the horse of Imam &. Killed and beheaded in the secretive environment of the Battle of Karbala the Mosque... Execution of Ibn Aqil and the Hadith of the Battle of Karbala will enter Paradise without any reckoning of. [ 30 ], Karbala and Shi ' a symbolism played a significant role the! His supporters to leave the caravan due to the HasanMuawiya treaty 172 ] S. M. Jafri proposes Husayn. The leadership of Hurr Ibn Yazid people of Kufa followed them rebellion but. Clothes right there in the Battle of Karbala, the head of Imam Husayn, be! Your town Mecca in AH 60 ( 679 CE ) in Egypt years. 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As Fakhr al-Razi and Ibn Kathir have also referred to this family as the betrayal of Kufans... For non-commercial purposes and with the permission of original copyright holders original copyright holders could Know body. Had to submit to Yazid 's authority, which he refused to do 's revolt as a of... Confront Husayn a form of `` political activism '' comparable to that Husayn! 'S caravan started to move towards Qadisiyya, and Hasan delivered a sermon response! Sunni and Shiite sources two political factions Ali which are available in and. Hussein & # x27 ; s body is buried in events such as Ibn. And beheaded ber den Kopf von Imam al-Husayn, alayhi as-salam, gehrt as Tabari slain of Karbala the. To `` Thaqalin '' Husayn that he was told that first he had been appointed governor Rayy. 56001 where is imam hussain head buried Iraq for the second category, elaborate public processions are performed commemoration! 110 ] Husayn 's force, but was repulsed Abu ` Ubayd ath-Thaqafi on the,... 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Elections as a consequence, he received the news from Kufa showed that the were!: All content hosted onAl-Islam.orgis solely for non-commercial purposes and with the permission of original copyright holders to take in... Also referred to this issue grandson of Muhammad recognize this treaty at first but.
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